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Sociolinguistics - Language Shift

What is language shift?
-When a person changes from one language to another language after a period of time (years).
Migrants - Best examples of language shift process.

1. Language shift in different communities
-a) Migrant minorities
-b) Non-migrant communities
-c) Migrant Majorities

-a) Migrant minorities

- For those who use a minority language in a predominantly monolingual culture or society.
- Over time, language of larger society displaces minority language of mother tongue.
- But order of domains in which the shift occurs differ from different individuals/groups.

- Social factors that can lead to language shift:-
-- From using 1 language for most purposes to > a different language for most purposes.
-- From using 2 different codes in different domains to > using different varieties of1 language for their communicative needs.

-- E.g:- in England, Australia, NZ and USA;
-- Schools - 1 of the 1st domains children of migrants are exposed to English.
-- In school, they interact using English. (Unlike watching TV)
--- English - the only means to of communicating with teacher and friends.
-- The language soon becomes normal among children, even with siblings.
-- English usually infiltrates migrant families through children.
---English used among siblings - Talk about schools.
-- Parents - Gradually begin to use English at home too - Especially if they use English at work.

- Pressure from the society.
-- Looking and sounding 'different" regarded as threatening to the majority group.
-- Speaking good English - regarded as successful assimilation.
--- Widely assumed the it abandoning minority language.
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